DNF Paket Manager Centos 8
Pada tutorial kali ini saya akan menjelaskan bagaimana cara menggunakan perintah DNF paket manager. DNF atau Dandified yum adalah generasi terbaru dari system pemaketan YUM yang dapat digunakan untuk menginstall, memperbarui, menghapus paket pada distribusi Linux berbasia RPM.
Meskipun pada system Centos 8 terbaru menggunakan system pemaketan DNF namun perintah YUM Masih dapat digunakan pada system Centos 8.
Management paket pada linux adalah kumpulan perangkat untuk mengotomatisasi proses instalasi, upgrade (perbaikan), konfigurasi, atau menghapus paket perangkat lunak dari sebuah komputer menggunakan cara tertentu.Pada versi centos sebelumnya mungkin anda sudah famiar menggunakan YUM, YUM atau Yellowdog Updater merupakan salah satu manajemen paket open-source berbasis konsol/perintah teks pada sistem operasi Linux yang menggunakan RPM Package Manager. Namun di versi CentOS 8 ini paket manajer default untuk Centos diganti menggunakan DNF.
Pada tutorial kali ini kita akan belajar bagaimana cara menggunakan DNF paket manager di Centos 8 Server. Oke Langsung saja ikuti step by step cara menggunakan perintah dnf paket managaer di Centos.
Perintah DNF Paket manager
Menginstall Paket
Untuk cara menginstall paket jalankan perintah dnf install (nama paket) sebagai contoh dibawah ini menginstal paket nmap
[root@srv1 kris]# dnf install nmap
CentOS-8 - AppStream 164 kB/s | 7.0 MB 00:43
CentOS-8 - Base 254 kB/s | 2.2 MB 00:08
CentOS-8 - Extras 4.9 kB/s | 5.9 kB 00:01
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
nmap x86_64 2:7.70-5.el8 AppStream 5.8 M
Installing dependencies:
nmap-ncat x86_64 2:7.70-5.el8 AppStream 237 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 2 Packages
Total download size: 6.1 M
Installed size: 25 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Mengupdate & Upgrade Paket
Untuk cara update system jalankan perintah dnf update
[root@srv1 kris]# dnf update
Last metadata expiration check: 0:15:00 ago on Thu 07 May 2020 11:07:10 AM WIB.
Dependencies resolved.
Nothing to do.
Complete!
Untuk cara update paket tertentu jalankan perintah dnf update (nama paket)[root@srv1 kris]# dnf update nmap
Last metadata expiration check: 0:07:50 ago on Thu 07 May 2020 10:14:45 AM WIB.
Dependencies resolved.
Nothing to do.
Complete!
Untuk meng upgrade system jalankan perintah dnf upgrade[root@srv1 kris]# dnf upgrade
Last metadata expiration check: 0:14:28 ago on Thu 07 May 2020 11:07:10 AM WIB.
Dependencies resolved.
Nothing to do.
Complete!
Menampilkan List Paket
Untuk menampilkan list paket, jalankan perintah dnf list (nama paket)
[root@srv1 kris]# dnf list nmap
Last metadata expiration check: 0:08:41 ago on Thu 07 May 2020 10:14:45 AM WIB.
Installed Packages
nmap.x86_64 2:7.70-5.el8 @AppStream
Baca Juga : Cara Install Centos 8 Minimal Server
Baca Juga : Cara Konfigurasi Network Interface di Centos 8 Server
Menampilkan Info Paket
Untuk menampilkan informasi dari sebuat paket, jalankan perintah dnf info (nama paket)
[root@srv1 kris]# dnf info nmap
Last metadata expiration check: 0:09:29 ago on Thu 07 May 2020 10:14:45 AM WIB.
Installed Packages
Name : nmap
Epoch : 2
Version : 7.70
Release : 5.el8
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 24 M
Source : nmap-7.70-5.el8.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : AppStream
Summary : Network exploration tool and security scanner
URL : http://nmap.org/
License : Nmap
Description : Nmap is a utility for network exploration or security auditing.
: It supports ping scanning (determine which hosts are up), many
: port scanning techniques (determine what services the hosts are
: offering), and TCP/IP fingerprinting (remote host operating
: system identification). Nmap also offers flexible target and port
: specification, decoy scanning, determination of TCP sequence
: predictability characteristics, reverse-identd scanning, and
: more. In addition to the classic command-line nmap executable,
: the Nmap suite includes a flexible data transfer, redirection,
: and debugging tool (netcat utility ncat), a utility for comparing
: scan results (ndiff), and a packet generation and response
: analysis tool (nping).
Menghapus/Remove Paket
Untuk menghapus atau me remove paket yang sudah kita install jalankan perintah dnf remove (nama paket)
[root@srv1 kris]# dnf remove nmap
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Removing:
nmap x86_64 2:7.70-5.el8 @AppStream 24 M
Removing unused dependencies:
nmap-ncat x86_64 2:7.70-5.el8 @AppStream 681 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Remove 2 Packages
Freed space: 25 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Erasing : nmap-2:7.70-5.el8.x86_64 1/2
Erasing : nmap-ncat-2:7.70-5.el8.x86_64 2/2
Running scriptlet: nmap-ncat-2:7.70-5.el8.x86_64 2/2
Verifying : nmap-2:7.70-5.el8.x86_64 1/2
Verifying : nmap-ncat-2:7.70-5.el8.x86_64 2/2
Removed:
nmap-2:7.70-5.el8.x86_64 nmap-ncat-2:7.70-5.el8.x86_64
Complete!
Mencari paket berdasarkan jenis atau nama paket
Untuk mencari paket berdasarkan jenis nama paket jalankan perintah dnf search (nama paket)
[root@srv1 kris]# dnf search text\ editor
Last metadata expiration check: 0:11:22 ago on Thu 07 May 2020 10:14:45 AM WIB.
========================= Summary Matched: text editor =========================
nano.x86_64 : A small text editor
nano.x86_64 : A small text editor
emacs.x86_64 : GNU Emacs text editor
sed.x86_64 : A GNU stream text editor
sed.x86_64 : A GNU stream text editor
gedit.x86_64 : Text editor for the GNOME desktop
emacs-nox.x86_64 : GNU Emacs text editor without X support
emacs-lucid.x86_64 : GNU Emacs text editor with LUCID toolkit X support
Menampilkan List semua paket yang telah terinstall
Untuk menampilkan list paket yang sudah terinstall jalankan perintah berikut
[root@srv1 kris]# dnf list installed | less Installed Packages NetworkManager.x86_64 1:1.20.0-5.el8_1 @anaconda NetworkManager-libnm.x86_64 1:1.20.0-5.el8_1 @anaconda NetworkManager-team.x86_64 1:1.20.0-5.el8_1 @anaconda NetworkManager-tui.x86_64 1:1.20.0-5.el8_1 @anaconda acl.x86_64 2.2.53-1.el8 @anaconda adcli.x86_64 0.8.2-3.el8 @anaconda at.x86_64 3.1.20-11.el8 @anaconda attr.x86_64 2.4.48-3.el8 @anaconda audit.x86_64 3.0-0.13.20190507gitf58ec40.el8 @anaconda audit-libs.x86_64 3.0-0.13.20190507gitf58ec40.el8 @anaconda authselect.x86_64 1.1-2.el8 @anaconda authselect-libs.x86_64 1.1-2.el8 @anaconda avahi-libs.x86_64 0.7-19.el8 @anaconda basesystem.noarch 11-5.el8 @anaconda bash.x86_64 4.4.19-10.el8 @anaconda bash-completion.noarch 1:2.7-5.el8 @anaconda bc.x86_64 1.07.1-5.el8 @anaconda bind.x86_64 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el8 @AppStream bind-export-libs.x86_64 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el8 @anaconda bind-libs.x86_64 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el8 @AppStream bind-libs-lite.x86_64 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el8 @AppStream bind-license.noarch 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el8 @AppStream :
Untuk menampilkan list semua paket group jalankan perintah dnf grouplist
[root@srv1 kris]# dnf grouplist
Last metadata expiration check: 0:13:48 ago on Thu 07 May 2020 10:14:45 AM WIB.
Available Environment Groups:
Server with GUI
Server
Workstation
Virtualization Host
Custom Operating System
Installed Environment Groups:
Minimal Install
Available Groups:
Container Management
.NET Core Development
RPM Development Tools
Development Tools
Graphical Administration Tools
Headless Management
Legacy UNIX Compatibility
Network Servers
Scientific Support
Security Tools
Smart Card Support
System Tools
Menginstall group paket
Untuk menginstall paket group jalankan perintah dnf groupinstall (nama group)
[root@srv1 kris]# dnf groupinstall Server
Last metadata expiration check: 0:20:34 ago on Thu 07 May 2020 10:14:45 AM WIB.
no group 'dns-server' from environment 'server-product-environment'
No match for group package "insights-client"
No match for group package "centos-release-eula"
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repo Size
================================================================================
Installing group/module packages:
PackageKit x86_64 1.1.12-3.el8 AppStream 601 k
buildah x86_64 1.11.6-6.module_el8.1.0+298+41f9343a
AppStream 8.5 M
cockpit-packagekit noarch 197.3-1.el8 AppStream 334 k
cockpit-podman noarch 11-1.module_el8.1.0+298+41f9343a
AppStream 1.0 M
cockpit-storaged noarch 197.3-1.el8 AppStream 383 k
containernetworking-plugins x86_64 0.8.3-4.module_el8.1.0+298+41f9343a
AppStream 20 M
dnf-plugin-spacewalk noarch 2.8.5-11.module_el8.1.0+211+ad6c0bc7
AppStream 24 k
fprintd-pam x86_64 0.8.1-2.el8 AppStream 22 k Installing Groups:
Container Management
Core
Hardware Support
Headless Management
Server product core
Standard
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 116 Packages
Total download size: 64 M
Installed size: 248 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Memperbarui paket group
Untuk memperbaharui paket group jalankan perintah dnf groupupdate (nama group)
[root@srv1 kris]# dnf groupupdate Server
Last metadata expiration check: 0:24:12 ago on Thu 07 May 2020 10:14:45 AM WIB.
no group 'dns-server' from environment 'server-product-environment'
No match for group package "insights-client"
No match for group package "centos-release-eula"
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repo Size
================================================================================
Installing group/module packages:
PackageKit x86_64 1.1.12-3.el8 AppStream 601 k
buildah x86_64 1.11.6-6.module_el8.1.0+298+41f9343a
AppStream 8.5 M
Menampilkan Daftar Repository
Untuk menampilkan daftar repository jalankan perintah dnf repolist
[root@srv1 kris]# dnf repolist
Last metadata expiration check: 0:05:36 ago on Thu 07 May 2020 11:07:10 AM WIB.
repo id repo name status
AppStream CentOS-8 - AppStream 5,318
BaseOS CentOS-8 - Base 1,661
extras CentOS-8 - Extras 16
Menampilkan semua repository yang sedang digunakan
Untuk menampilkan semua repositori yang digunakan jalankan perintah dnf repolist all
[root@srv1 kris]# dnf repolist all
Last metadata expiration check: 0:06:14 ago on Thu 07 May 2020 11:07:10 AM WIB.
repo id repo name status
AppStream CentOS-8 - AppStream enabled: 5,318
AppStream-source CentOS-8 - AppStream Sources disabled
BaseOS CentOS-8 - Base enabled: 1,661
BaseOS-source CentOS-8 - BaseOS Sources disabled
Devel CentOS-8 - Devel WARNING! FOR BUILDROOT USE ON disabled
HighAvailability CentOS-8 - HA disabled
PowerTools CentOS-8 - PowerTools disabled
base-debuginfo CentOS-8 - Debuginfo disabled
c8-media-AppStream CentOS-AppStream-8 - Media disabled
c8-media-BaseOS CentOS-BaseOS-8 - Media disabled
centosplus CentOS-8 - Plus disabled
centosplus-source CentOS-8 - Plus Sources disabled
cr CentOS-8 - cr disabled
extras CentOS-8 - Extras enabled: 16
extras-source CentOS-8 - Extras Sources disabled
fasttrack CentOS-8 - fasttrack disabled
Reinstall paket
Untuk reinstall paket jalankan perintah dnf reinstall (nama paket)
[root@srv1 kris]# dnf reinstall nano
Last metadata expiration check: 0:10:08 ago on Thu 07 May 2020 11:07:10 AM WIB.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Reinstalling:
nano x86_64 2.9.8-1.el8 BaseOS 581 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Total download size: 581 k
Installed size: 2.2 M
Is this ok [y/N]:
Menampilkan history
Untuk menampilkan histori yang telah di lakukan jalankan perintah dnf history
[root@srv1 kris]# dnf history
ID | Command line | Date and time | Action(s) | Altered
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7 | remove nmap | 2020-05-07 10:25 | Removed | 2
6 | install nmap | 2020-05-07 10:16 | Install | 2
5 | remove nmap | 2020-05-07 09:56 | Removed | 2
4 | install nmap | 2020-05-07 09:50 | Install | 2
3 | install -y bind bind-uti | 2020-05-05 10:03 | Install | 7
2 | install vim-enhanced | 2020-05-02 00:52 | Install | 4
1 | | 2020-05-02 00:23 | Install | 442 EE
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